Lobbying: Lobbying of influential people - not a controversial point and one that has been well covered in the media and academia. The literature tends to show that a lot of this is by independent groups rather than the Israeli state, but it does have an effect on policies and views.
Geopolitics: Its position in the East Med/Middle East mean that the west is keen to keep it as an ally and overlooks some of its transgressions. The EU Observer article noted that the EU may have backed off because it wants to source gas from Israel. Just like the west overlooking Saudi transgressions because of its control of oil. Israel has been very clever in the way it has built alliances with other countries.
Propaganda: In the media and on social media. They are very good at it, fund it heavily, and readily admit it. Some of the linguistic techniques they use, for example, are very subtle. They constantly seek to frame the narrative. I saw many iterations of this article after the shooting - it ticks every single propaganda box of whataboutery, ad hominem, and obfuscation:
Opinion: Journalist Shireen Abu Akleh's death is a tragedy, but there is not a single conflict zone the world over where journalists are bulletproof, and while the facts do not support Israel's culpability, there is always someone eager to buy into anti-Israel propaganda
www.ynetnews.com
History: A lot of people developed respect for Israel over the years, as a country and people that stood their ground. That means they overlook some of the modern state's transgressions.
Christian Right: Again, it is no secret that Israel enjoys a lot of support among US Evangelical Christians who have a strong influence on US politics, especially the Republicans.
That is the main reasons I can think of.